Dundee (eng. Dundee) is a city located on the East coast of Scotland and is the administrative and cultural center of the region, also called Dundee. The population is around 160,000. This is the fourth populous city in Scotland. Dundee has a distinctive geographical features, in particular the town itself is situated near a long-extinct volcano, called Dundee law and has an altitude of about 175 meters. Thanks to the territorial location and other factors, Dundee is one of the warmest cities in Scotland, in particular the average temperature is always higher than in other areas of the country, besides the chain of mountains and hills protects the city from cold winds, including in the winter. Despite only a fourth of the population, its density is extremely high, taking fifth place across the UK. The main architectural feature of Dundee is the large number of four and five-storey buildings, typical for houses in England and Scotland of the time Victorian style. The city also has been given the nickname – City of Discovery (City of Opening). The reason is that an outstanding scientist and Explorer of the Antarctic Robert Falcon Scott sailed it on the ship Discovery, which was made in Dundee and came down to the water in 1901.

The history of the settlement of these lands in the early era are extremely fragmentary. Initially, according to scientists, the first people settled in the land in the Mesolithic, about what they say they found the remains of a small settlement of people, for example, the stone axe or arrow-heads. In addition there have been found made of stone circles and burial mounds, however, exact age or even an era to which they belong, are still not identified. However, significantly failed to establish the fact that already in the iron age on those lands was a number of buildings typical of ancient the UK real estate of the type that have shaped Fort, called the law hill Fort. Later, during the time of the Picts, on those lands there was a small settlement centered in this fortress. There is speculation that when it was called Lacticum, but exact proof of this was found. There are different theories explaining the origin of the modern name of the city. One of them connects Dundee with the word “Dundee”, which means “fortress” in the language of those peoples who lived on this territory. Other researchers believe that the name is associated with the word Duagh – “fire”, or the name of one of the leaders – Daigh.
Dundee as a city began its history thanks to William the Conqueror, who gave the territory to his brother. There is every reason to assume that he founded the castle of Dundee. To our times, this castle was not preserved, but now in its place is the Cathedral. Paul. Geographical location, namely proximity to the river Tay, has played a significant role in the development of the economy of the city. Especially, the city developed with the reign of David Duke. In the mid-sixteenth century during the wars of the Three Kingdoms, a very large part of Dundee was destroyed by the attack of the British fleet. A century later the town survived the attack of the troops of Oliver Cromwell, which caused irreparable damage relative to the number of dead citizens, and the number of destroyed houses. However, by the beginning of the industrial revolution, the city rose from the ashes, which largely served as a powerful economic system of the British Empire that allowed trade to rise to a completely different level, and the production, especially jute and linen, will be significantly expanded. This caused a sharp rise in population, especially in the mid-nineteenth century. This was largely due to the large number of immigrants arrived from Northern Ireland, mainly because of the “potato famine”. Starting with the XVIII-th century, the city had deployed a large-scale shipbuilding, the pace of which by the end of the XIX-th century has grown so much that in just ten years we have built approximately two thousand ships. During the World Wars the city suffered not as much as many others that allowed the city to relive a kind of industrial revolution. Now the city takes the lead in terms of development of relatively new industries such as software development and biotechnology and trade. Traditionally developed such industries as textile, machinery, and electrical. Dandy has two major universities – the Universities of Dundee and Abertay. The first known through research in the field of medicine, and the second for the training of highly skilled programmers and their achievements. Born in Dundee and worked many major writers, including Mary Scheele, Kate Atkinson, Rosamund Pilcher, Thomas dick, and Alison Kennedy. Due to this, Dundee is rich in sights, among which the most valuable historical and literary property in the UK. The city cares about the future of their writers, presenting every two years awards the most talented young writers.

Dundee has its own, unique architectural heritage, which has, of course, sea hue and the whole history of the city. Among the other attractions not to mention, for example, the Cathedral of St. Paul’s Cathedral, several castles, the Center of Maggie and Huffle Cemetery (Howff Burial Ground). The last remarkable fact that many of the gravestones in this cemetery are designed in the Victorian style. The history of the city as a center of Maritime trade and the Navy is reflected in a military ship, aircraft carrier “Unicorn” (HMS “Unicorn”), built in 1824, the year. Tourists are invited to inspect and Doc, “Victoria”, which is this ship, by the way, he is still able to go to sea. Very nearby is another famous ship, the discovery. Also noteworthy is the mills Observatory, MacManus gallery, center of contemporary art and several other museums. The town still preserved a lot of buildings in the Victorian style, typical for houses in England and Scotland of those times, but nevertheless, Dundee retains its unique flavor.
® Mark Saruhanov.
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